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韩国：一场锂电池着火引发的“互联网大瘫痪”_我的网站

一 |     The Palestinian people make up one of the largest refugee groups in the world, often forced off their land or pushed to flee amid ongoing conflict in the region, according to the United Nations.They are stateless, their identity not defined by specific borders, but rather tied together by a collective longing for a place to call home. Their existence has long been traded and transferred by different ruling powers throughout their history, leaving their fate hanging in the balance.Palestinians are a diverse, multi-religious and multicultural group of roughly 14 million people internationally who trace their roots back to what is now known as the Israeli-Palestinian region of the Middle East.Many of them no longer remain there, spread across the globe. Those who remain in the Palestinian territory of Gaza have been under blockade, with Israel controlling nearly everything that comes in and out of the region, including food, fuel and people, and Egypt controlling Gaza’s southern border.Palestinians have been described as a "young society," with people between 15 and 29 years old comprising 30% of the population, according to the United Nations Population Fund.Amid the ongoing Israel-Hamas conflict in the Middle East, Palestinians say they have been "dehumanized" and stereotyped amid the international backlash to Hamas' terrorist actions in Israel.In Gaza, at least 1,799 people have been killed in retaliatory strikes by Israel, with an estimated 7,388 more injured, numbers that are expected to climb. At least 1,300 people have been killed and 3,227 others have been injured in Israel from Hamas attacks.Palestinian historians add that the people's long history of being ignored, attacked and displaced has left many misconceptions about the population unaddressed – something they now hope to remedy."As soon as you identify with them as people – as ordinary human beings – you cannot do to them what's now being done to them right now," said Ussama Makdisi, a history professor at the University of California Berkeley.For example, support for the "Free Palestine" or liberation movement has historically been painted as antisemitic. Palestinian historians say this is another misperception.The fight for liberation, Makdisi said, is about being able to "live with dignity and equality, in a political and social and economic environment where they can thrive like any other people."According to the United Nations, 81% of the population in Gaza lives in poverty, with food insecurity plaguing 63% of Gaza citizens. The unemployment rate is 46.6%, and access to clean water and electricity remains at "crisis" levels of inaccessibility, the U.N. states."Liberation means living with equality, which everybody, I think, once they understand that, most people I would say agree with it,” says Makdisi. “It's exactly what we wish for any people in the world, any people."

'Struggle for liberation'

Despite the difficult circumstances facing Palestinians around the world and in Palestinian territories, they love life, added Yousef Munayyer, a Palestinian-American writer and political analyst."People are looking for ways in the most difficult of moments to celebrate the beauty of life, even under oppression," Munayyer said. "This does not make Palestinians unique. It just makes them as human as everybody else."All of the Palestinian scholars with whom ABC News spoke said the Palestinian passion for fighting to be able to live with dignity has stretched beyond the movement for their own people. Palestinians have been a prominent voice in grassroots activism internationally, including the 2020 anti-racism movement that began in the United States and spread overseas.The young population of Palestinians particularly has moved the needle on their community’s involvement in global social movements, historians say. Nassar believes it’s because younger generations believe their international causes are connected, united in dismantling longstanding systems of oppression.

Palestinian resiliency

The Arabic idea of "sumud," or steadfastness, is a key part of how many Palestinians understand their collective identity, according to Maha Nassar, a history and Islamic studies professor at the University of Arizona. It highlights the near-universal call for liberation, freedom and equality among Palestinians existing in a region under constant conflict – a yearning for peace on Palestinian lands.Sumud can manifest in many ways. It could be as simple as proclaiming one's pride in their Palestinian heritage, or as complicated as grassroots organizing in social movements."Palestinians around the world have taken immense pride and gone to great lengths to ensure that their Palestinian culture and identity is not erased, just because their state does not yet exist," said Nassar.。    
来源：京畿道议员李基仁的 Facebook火灾发生后，数据中心电源被切断，锂离子不间断电源（UPS）开启了约30分钟。但随后不间断电源室也开始起火。

二 | 为控制火势，消防部门放弃使用高压气体灭火，转而准备使用水枪。

三 | 为避免短路，消防部门要求数据中心运营商SK C&C切断所有电源。

四 | 八小时后，火灾最于15日晚上11：46左右被扑灭，事故虽未造成人员伤亡，但有消息显示，所有的电池都在这场大火中被烧毁。

五 | 韩国警方表示：我们将考虑电池和机架本身有问题或周围电线问题等引发火灾的可能性，以掌握火灾的确切经过。这场火灾的影响远不止于此。由于该数据中心由SK与IBM共建，主要管理SK电信，韩国国民社交软件Kakao、门户网站Naver等核心平台运营商的数据。

六 | 因此火灾发生后，韩国互联网服务出现大面积瘫痪。

七 | 互联网服务瘫痪尽管数据中心于次日上午9时恢复了90%的服务器电力供应，但在断电的大半天内，韩国互联网仍然蒙受了巨量损失。Kakao首当其冲，这款软件是韩国应用最广泛的移动通讯工具，涵盖即时通讯、移动支付、在线交易、在线地图和打车，甚至公民纳税时使用的数字证书，以及新冠疫情期间的数字疫苗证书等功能。据技术评论家金善贤（音）说，这款应用在新冠疫情期间扮演了“准政府”的角色。

八 | 该软件在韩国拥有4300-4700万的活跃用户（韩国全国人口约为5100万），影响力基本等同于我国的微信和支付宝的结合体。

九 | 而这次起火的数据中心里，不仅有着Kakao的3.2万个服务器，而且还是Kakao的主数据中心。15日下午3点30分左右开始，Kakao Talk 发送或接收消息时，消息旁边开始出现“正在加载”指示，最终消息发送失败。PC端的Kakao Talk则直接无法登陆。

十 | 此外，打车、电子商务等服务也因支付功能瘫痪而受到影响。
在事发10小时后的凌晨1点31分，Kakao才恢复了部分功能，直到16日下午，消息收发才逐渐恢复正常，但仍有相当一部分的服务器在修复中，这次事故也成为Kakao Talk上线12年来故障时间最久的一次。据分析师预计，受火灾影响，Kakao第4季度的收入将遭受220亿韩元的损失。Kakao的股价周一下跌了9%以上，市值蒸发2万亿韩元（约101亿元人民币）。子公司 KakaoPay 和 KakaoBank的股价也在早盘交易中暴跌了8%以上。
除Kakao外，“韩国版百度”Naver部分服务器和功能也受到影响，但由于Naver在异地有备份，故障在几小时内就被排除。

十一 | 周三上午，Kakao联合首席执行官南宫勋（音）在发布会上向 Kakao 的用户道歉，并宣布引咎辞职。追责鉴于本次火灾影响范围之广，损失之大，一场在SK C&C、Kakao和韩国官方之间的问责就此展开。据两家公司的管理人员称，SK C&C声称，大火只切断了Kakao服务器所在的数据室的部分电力，而Kakao坚称，SK C&C大楼的大部分服务器从火灾开始时就停止了。

十二 | SK C&C有关人士表示，当消防部门决定使用水枪灭火时，已经向现场的Kakao公司人员通报了这一决定，但Kakao方面却对此表示当时只是接到了“单方面通知”：我在断电之前接到了SK C&C的电话，但这是通知而不是征求意见。Kakao周一通过向投资者发布的公告表示，一旦Kakao和主要子公司的服务完全恢复正常，将与SK C&C就赔偿损失问题进行协商。

十三 | 一些业内人士猜测，在完成对用户的赔偿后，Kakao或将对SK C&C提起诉讼。

十四 | 与此同时，韩国官员也就此次事件对Kakao发出批评。执政党议员朱浩英在与政府举行的政策协商会上表示：10名市民中有9名是Kakao的客户，但Kakao的数据管理如此糟糕，没有做好应对灾难的准备，这让我感到震惊。韩国科学信息通信部长官李钟镐表示：政府严肃对待这一事件，因为这是Kakao等国内主要通信系统的安全问题，不仅给国民的日常生活带来不便，而且还会使经济和社会活动陷入瘫痪。

十五 | 显然，此次火灾影响扩大的核心在于消防部门决定用水灭火，SK C&C切断所有电源这一行为。但据韩国消防部门和警方称，韩国的数据中心、UPS、储能系统等大容量锂离子电池设备火灾扑救都没有单独的应急手册。在这类设备发生火灾时，施救人员没有办法根据火灾的危险程度执行相应的程序，如在哪个阶段应首先使用高压气体等灭火设施，在哪个阶段应切断电源并使用水灭火等。2020年5月，韩国议会曾提出在《灾害安全管理基本法》中增列数据中心的法案，但被司法和立法委员会否决。韩国互联网相关协会以“过度管制”为由表示反对。储能电池火灾之殇事实上，随着锂电池的应用愈发广泛，数据中心的UPS电源正从铅酸电池向锂电池转变，储能设备也在不断增长。然而，与铅酸电池相比，锂电池的安全性始终是一个亟待解决的问题。与一般火灾相比，锂电池发生起火后很难扑灭。锂电池自燃后会产生大量可燃气体。这些气体基本全部堆积在储能箱内无法释放。随着浓度越来越高最终到达极限发生爆炸。如果不能尽早发现锂电池自燃现象的发生，几乎很难避免事故的发生。近年来，锂离子储能电池导致的起火事故也屡见不鲜。仅今年上半年，全球发生的储能起火事故就已超过17起。

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Published on:11:04:36